Modular Flexible Display System and Methods

ABSTRACT

Display modules have a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in a predetermined pattern and providing a highly uniform visual effect. Methods are provided to support a plurality of flexible display modules in an adjustable curved arrangement. Alignment and complementary alignment features enable the alignment of adjacent display modules and the creation of large displays from a plurality of aligned display modules. Features to couple to and retain a support frame are provided. Flexible and durable weather resistance features are provided. A system of modular support frames works cooperatively with the display modules, adapting to different mounting environments, and thereby providing large modular displays with desirable properties.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This non-provisional utility application is a continuation of and claimsthe benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/924,507, filed on Mar. 19,2018, entitled “Modular Flexible Convex Display System and Methods”.Application Ser. No. 15/924,507 was a continuation of and claimed thebenefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/341,429, filed on Nov. 2, 2016,entitled “Modular Flexible Convex Display System and Methods”.Application Ser. No. 15/341,429 claimed the benefit of US provisionalApplication No. 62/251,059, filed on Nov. 4, 2015, entitled “ModularFlexible Convex Display System and Methods”. Applications Nos.62/251,059 and 15/341,429, and 15/924,507 are incorporated herein byreference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable.

DESCRIPTION OF ATTACHED APPENDIX

Not Applicable.

BACKGROUND

The sense of sight is utterly compelling to those human beings whopossess it. The adage that a picture is worth a thousand words resonateswith an appreciation of the profound importance of taking in visualinformation. The sense of sight is unique in allowing us to absorb somuch information from our world so quickly. It is natural then thatadvertisers, entertainers, artists, and others all want to engage peoplewith their own visual content for the purpose creating a desiredresponse in their intended audience. A large scale visual display systemis a particularly compelling way for people to experience thepresentation of visual information and such systems are the focus of thepresent disclosure.

There are numerous features of a visual display system that contributeto its impact upon viewers including: size, brightness, contrast, colorsaturation, color depth, display refresh rate, resolution, pixel pitch,pixel pitch uniformity, and others.

There are numerous other features of a visual display system that are ofinterest to the owners and operators of such systems including: ease ofinstallation, ease of service, reliability, ease of configuration, easeof maintenance, ease of operation, cost of the system, cost ofinstallation, cost of operation, cost of service, and others.

Display systems having display planes configured into unusual shapes maybe used to catch the interest of those persons within viewing distance.Unusual shapes may be created in two dimensions, providing a flatviewing plane that has an unconventional perimeter shape such as acircle, ellipse, etc. In addition, unusual shapes may be created inthree dimensions such that a surface may be configured to present aviewing plane that sweeps through three dimensional space. As an exampleof a three dimensional viewing plane, consider the surface of acylinder. A viewing plane that is coincident with at least a portion ofthe outside surface of a cylinder can be said to have a threedimensional viewing plane. An annular structure may also be used tocreate a three dimensional viewing plane. A surface that is formed onthe inner surface of an annular structure can be used to form a concavethree dimensional viewing plane. In similar manner, a surface that isformed on the outer surface of an annular structure can be used to forma convex three dimensional viewing plane.

Display systems in which the screen has an eye catching two or threedimensional structure present a number of difficult problems that are inneed of solution. A typical mounting environment for a large display ison the outside structure of an existing building. Buildings are oftensituated so that the walls of the building are close to one or more realestate property boundaries. Installing a display system onto the outsideof a building that is already constructed runs the risk of straying intothe air rights of an adjacent real estate parcel because of the addedthickness of the display system. If the display system is too thick theowner of the system may be forced to either remove the system or obtainthe air rights in the adjacent real estate lot at added expense.

Another difficult problem in need of solution relates to the mounting ofa large display on non-planar structural features of a building.Particularly challenging non-planar structural features found onbuildings are support columns and support beams. Typical support columnsand beams have circular or rectangular cross sections and bear highstructural loads. Any physical penetration of a support column or beaminto the cross section of that structural feature carries with it therisk of compromising the structural integrity and load bearing capacityof the support structure. Displays that are mounted to one or moresupport columns or beams must be mounted in such a way as to reduce oreliminate penetration of the load bearing portion of that structuralfeature.

Yet another difficult problem in need of solution is that the outerenvelop of most load bearing structures is neither designed norconstructed to provide a smooth, even mounting surface, having nodiscontinuities. What is needed is a mounting system that is able toaccommodate or otherwise smooth out the unevenness of the underlyingstructure so that the viewing plane of the large display shows nodiscontinuities and no unevenness.

In consideration of the foregoing points, it is clear that embodimentsof the present disclosure confer numerous advantages and are thereforehighly desirable.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure is directed to modular flexible convex displaysystems, display modules, systems for mounting and servicing modulardisplay systems, and methods for making, using, and servicing themodules and systems described.

Display systems of the present disclosure comprise a plurality ofdisplay modules assembled onto a support frame or assembly of supportframes to make a large, unified, visual display. Each display module inthe system comprises a plurality of light emitting elements coupled to aflexible substrate and arranged in a predetermined pattern with respectto a display plane. Each display module is shaped so that it may abutone or more other display modules without introducing gaps or overlapsbetween adjacent display modules. The display systems disclosed create ahighly uniform visual effect by creating highly uniform spacing betweenlight emitting elements, both within a single display module and acrossa plurality of display modules when the plurality are assembled into alarge, unified, visual display. The present disclosure providescomplementary alignment features that cooperatively enforce alignmentbetween adjacent display modules thereby maintaining highly uniformspacing of light emitting elements throughout the plurality of assembleddisplay modules.

Additional features of the present disclosure address the needs ofmounting, assembling, and servicing of large visual displays that arecreated from one or more display modules. One typical installationenvironment for a large display system is a rigid architecturalstructure like a beam or column that supports structural loads. Anothertypical installation environment may suspend a large display from a topmounted structure so that the display may appear to float. Other typicalinstallation environments adapt the curvature of the viewing plane toconvex, concave, and multiple curvature containing shapes that each havetheir own appeal and challenges. A system of modular support framesaccording to the present disclosure may be assembled thereby providing asubstructure for attaching display modules to present a curved viewingplane. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, a system ofmodular support frames may be assembled thereby providing a substructurefor attaching display modules to present a non-flat viewing plane havingconvex, concave, or multiple convex and concave curvatures. One or moredisplay modules may be individually mounted and unmounted from thesystem of support frames without substantially disturbing adjacentdisplay modules.

Each display module provides a plurality of light emitting elementsarranged on a display plane. After assembly, the plurality of displaymodules collectively create a viewing plane that may be viewed by theviewing public. In such an installation, the vast majority of thedisplay system is located in the space between the viewing plane and themounting surface. Installations of this configuration may be difficult,or impossible, to service or install from behind the viewing planebecause the wall, curved wall, column, or beam that provides themounting surface are rigid, contiguous structures that do not permitsuch access. The present disclosure provides support frame systems anddisplay modules having cooperative mounting features allowing displaymodules to be installed and serviced from the viewing side of theviewing plane.

To make the description more precise, it is useful to consider a threedimensional Cartesian coordinate system consisting of mutuallyorthogonal axes x, y, and z. The x-y plane is identified as beingparallel to the viewing plane, and the z axis is in a directionperpendicular to the viewing plane. In this coordinate system it is thez axis that allows a viewer of the display to be in front of the viewingplane while the mounting surface and support frame system are behind theviewing plane. The support frame system provides a means of securely andremoveably coupling a plurality of display modules to a mounting surfacewhile allowing the complementary alignment features of adjacent displaymodules to cooperatively create a uniform alignment of the plurality oflight emitting elements on each of the plurality of display modules.

Features of the disclosure allow display modules to be installed,serviced, and removed from the front of the viewing plane. A displaymodule may allow engagement onto a portion of the support frame orplanar support body while the orientation of the display module istilted with respect to the viewing plane. The progressive engagement ofreleasable frame couplers with the support frame or planar support bodypermits the display module to move about as the display plane of thedisplay module is tilted both toward and away from the viewing plane. Byflexing, rotating, and/or translating the display module, one or morecomplementary pairs of alignment features on adjacent display modulesmay be operatively engaged. When complementary alignment features onadjacent display modules are operatively engaged, the display planes ofadjacent display modules are aligned and may be made substantiallyco-planar in the region where two adjacent display modules abut. In someembodiments a frame retention means may be operated from the front ofthe display into a retaining position, thus securing the display moduleto the support frame or planar support body while urging the one or morepairs of complementary alignment features to maintain a predeterminedand uniform pitch distance between adjacent display modules. In someembodiments, magnetic means may be used to couple display modules to thesupport frame system. In some embodiments, both magnetic andnon-magnetic retention means may be used to couple display modules tothe support frame or planar support body. The plurality of displaymodules installed onto the support frame system collectively create aviewing plane having a highly uniform visual effect by maintaining apitch distance between adjacent display modules that is substantiallyequal to the pitch distance within an individual display module.

Features of the disclosure describe systems of modular support framesand display modules for creating a convex viewing plane that partiallyor completely encircles an axial reference line or a support structuresuch as a beam or column, and presents a viewing plane visible fromoutside of the display system. A common axial reference line may bedefined as lying at or about the center of a support structure that willbe encompassed by the display system. One or more radial reference linesmay be defined extending from said axial reference line radiallyoutward. A plurality of modular support frames may be used to encircle asupport structure or otherwise surround a structure to enclose saidcommon axial reference line. A plurality of modular support frames maybe coupled to other components, the collective being referred to as thesupport frame system. Each modular support frame may have top and bottompanels joined to each of left and right side panels, while each of top,bottom, left, and right panels are joined to a back panel. Left andright panels are thin elongate panels disposed to lay along radial linesemanating from a common axial reference line that is substantiallyparallel to both left and right panels. Of the panels comprising themodular support frame, the back panel is closest to said common axialreference line. Accordingly, top and bottom panels are shaped so thatleft and right panels are not parallel to each other. Top and bottompanels are disposed to be substantially perpendicular to said commonaxial reference line, top and bottom panels being about parallel to eachother. Each modular support frame may have one or more equipmentmounting features that are operative to securely mount equipment neededby the system of display modules such as power supply, surge protection,analog signal conditioning and\or distribution and digital signalconditioning and\or distribution.

A first modular support frame may be coupled to a substantially similaror identical second modular support frame such that the left side panelof the first modular support frame is coupled to and abuts the rightside panel of the second modular support frame. A plurality ofsubstantially similar or identical modular support frames may thereby beassembled into a support frame system that partially or completely wrapsaround said common axial reference line. Each modular support frame mayinclude features to facilitate coupling to one or more adjacent modularsupport frames, those features operating by means including but notlimited to: screwing, bolting, clipping, clamping, welding, brazing, andmagnetic attraction. Display modules may then be installed onto theconstructed support frame system and thus create a viewing plane thatwraps around said common axial reference line.

In some embodiments it is desirable to obtain a viewing plane that wrapsaround in such a way as to create a continuous or seamless viewing planethat has no apparent beginning or end, analogous to the continuoussurface around the geometric form of a cylinder. Obtaining an apparentlycontinuous or seamless viewing plane requires precise positioning andspacing of display modules. One or more radially adjustable couplers maybe coupled between one or more modular support frames and one or moredisplay modules to provide the fine adjustment necessary to make surethat the viewing plane can be created with no gaps and no overlapsbetween adjacent display modules. The principle of operation of theradially adjustable coupler is that, as the radial distance is adjustedradially inward or outward, a related adjustment in circumference isthereby created. When the circumference is adjusted to encompass asubstantially integer number of display modules there will be no visibleoverlaps or gaps between adjacent display modules comprising the viewingplane.

In some embodiments a thin planar support body may be coupled to aplurality of assembled modular support frames to provide a displaymounting face. The thin planar support body may be caused to curvegracefully around the outer dimensions of the plurality of assembledmodular support frames while being coupled to the same said modularsupport frames. The outward surface of the thin planar support bodypresents a display mounting face suitable for tiling a plurality ofdisplay modules. A plurality of display modules may be mounted to thedisplay mounting face to collectively create a viewing plane with novisible gaps or overlaps. Display modules may be releasably coupled tothe display mounting face by mechanical, magnetic, or a combination ofmeans. The thin planar support body may include features to facilitatethe coupling of display modules to the thin planar support body, thosefeatures operating by means including but not limited to: screwing,bolting, clipping, clamping, and magnetic attraction.

In other embodiments, the thin planar support body may be coupled to aplurality of radially adjustable couplers which are then coupled to aplurality of assembled modular support frames. The radially adjustablecouplers may be individually adjusted radially inward and outward so asto provide adjustability in the circumference of the planar support bodyas it partially or completely encircles the plurality of assembledmodular support frames. The thin planar support body may have aplurality of apertures which may facilitate attachment of displaymodules and provide easy access to an interior portion of the modularsupport frames. The thin planar support body may have edge featuresdesigned to allow two opposing edges to join in an adjustable lap joint,thereby creating a nearly seamless joint.

Additional features of the disclosure provide for flexible displaymodule features and constructions enabling the construction of largesystems of flexible display modules having desirable viewing properties,desirable flexibility, and desirable weather and environmentalresistance properties.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the presentinvention will become better understood with regard to the followingdescription, appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:

FIG. 1A shows a square consistent with a regular four sided polygon.

FIG. 1B shows a square tiling of a two dimensional plane

FIG. 1C shows coordinate axis defined on square tiling. Enlarged view 1Dis indicated

FIG. 1D shows an enlarged view of the indicated region of FIG. 1Cshowing uniform row and column pitch distance.

FIG. 1E shows a plan view of a display module having a plurality oflight emitting elements coordinate axis defined on square tiling.

FIG. 1F shows the display module of FIG. 1E overlaid with thepredetermined pattern of square tiling and coordinate axes.

FIG. 1G shows a plan view of two display modules aligned along theiry-axis.

FIG. 1H shows a plan view of two display modules aligned along theirx-axis.

FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of a display module. Cross sections 2Band 2C are indicated.

FIG. 2B shows a cross sectional schematic view of the display module ofFIG. 2A.

FIG. 2C shows another cross sectional schematic view of the displaymodule of FIG. 2A.

FIG. 2D shows a cross sectional schematic view of another embodiment ofa display module having a different configuration of alignment andcomplementary alignment features.

FIG. 2E shows a cross sectional schematic view, in the same direction asFIG. 2B, of another embodiment of a display module having magneticcouplers.

FIG. 2F shows a cross sectional schematic view, in the same direction asFIG. 2C, of another embodiment of a display module having a differentconfiguration of alignment and complementary alignment features.

FIG. 3A-FIG. 3C show a cross sectional schematic view of an embodimentaccording to the present disclosure in which a display module may bebecome operatively engaged with the alignment features of more than oneadjacent display module as the display module is installed on a supportframe. Installation and removal of display modules from support framemay be accomplished from the front side or the back side of the display.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross sectional view of a plurality of displaymodules in which more than one pair of complementary alignment featuresare simultaneously operatively engaged.

FIG. 5A shows an elevation view of the back of a display moduleaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Location anddirection of cross section views 5B and 5C are shown.

FIG. 5B is a cross sectional view of a display module, consistent withthe section indicated in FIG. 5A, showing magnetic coupler and frameretention means for securing a display module to a support frame.

FIG. 5C is a cross sectional view, viewed in the same direction as theview of FIG. 5B, of another embodiment of a flexible display module.

FIG. 6A shows an elevation view of the back of a display moduleaccording to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Location anddirection of cross section views 6B and 6C are shown.

FIG. 6B is a cross sectional view of a display module, consistent withthe section indicated in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6C is a cross sectional view of a display module, consistent withthe section indicated in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7 is an elevation view from the back of a support frame showing adisplay module installed on the support frame shown with a plurality offrame retention means in an installed position.

FIG. 8A shows a perspective view of a system of display modules on asupport frame. One display module is shown in the midst of being eitherinstalled or removed.

FIG. 8B shows a perspective view of a system of display modulesinstalled on a support frame. Three installed modules are showncollectively creating a viewing plane.

FIG. 9A shows a perspective view of a modular flexible convex displaysystem. Cross-section indicated as 9B is shown in FIG. 9B.

FIG. 9B shows the top down cross sectional view of the system of FIG.9A.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 9A with theplurality of display modules removed and thereby showing the displaymounting face of the planar support body and a plurality of supportframe apertures.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 10 with the planarsupport body removed and thereby showing a plurality of modular supportframes assembled into a support frame structure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS APPEARING IN THE FIGURES

2—modular flexible convex display system

8—coordinate system showing x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis

8X—x-axis

8Y—y-axis

8Z—z-axis

10—square tile, which is a regular 4 sided polygon

10 a, 10 b, etc.—first square, second square, etc.

11—pitch distance

12—square tiling of the plane

12 v—representative vertex of the square tiling

12 s—representative side of the square tiling

14—predetermined pattern corresponding to a tiling of the plane

20—structural member

22—axial reference line

24—radial reference line

24 a, 24 b, etc.—first, second, etc. radial reference line

30—tension member

32—compression member

38—frame mount

40—modular support frame

41—support direction

42—support frame aperture

42 a, 42 b, etc.—first , second, etc. support frame aperture

43—radially adjustable coupler

44—planar support body

45—planar support body lap joint

46—display mounting face

50—support frame back panel

52—support frame right side panel

53—support frame left side panel

54—support frame top panel

55—support frame bottom panel

70—flexible display module

70 a, 70 b, 70 c etc.—first, second, third, etc. flexible display module

71—light emitting element

71 a, 71 b, etc.—first, second, etc. light emitting element

72—plurality of light emitting elements

74—display plane

75—display plane disposed at a first angle with respect to the viewingplane

76—flexible substrate

80—viewing plane

82—environmental barrier coating

84—semi rigid front mask

90—magnetic coupler

92—coupler alignment frame

100—alignment feature

100 a, 100 b, 100 c, etc.—first, second, third, etc. alignment feature

110—complementary alignment feature

110 a, 110 b, 110 c, etc.—first, second, third, etc. complementaryalignment feature

120—frame retention means

121—frame retention means in a non-retaining position

123—frame retention means in a retaining position

Description

Tesselation of a planar surface is the tiling of the plane using one ormore geometric shapes, called tiles, creating no gaps and no overlaps. Aperiodic tiling has a repeated geometric pattern. A regular tiling is atiling in which all tiles are regular polygons having the same size andshape. Square, triangular, and hexagonal tilings are each an example ofa regular, periodic tiling that can achieve a tesselation of a planarsurface without gaps or overlaps. Tilings are of special interest in theconstruction of modular displays because their properties enable theconstruction of large displays with desirable properties. Assembling aplurality of smaller display modules in which each display module isconfigured to have a size, shape, and orientation corresponding to apredetermined tiling may produce a large display having no gaps and nooverlaps between adjacent display modules.

Within a single display module, a plurality of light emitting elementsmay be arranged in a predetermined pattern derived from an appropriatelyconfigured tiling. A planar tiling of regular polygons consists of edgesand vertexes. The set of vertexes of a regular polygon tiling can beseen to create a pattern with a high degree of regularity. A highlyuniform visual effect may be produced by placing a light emittingelement at or about each of the vertexes of a regular polygon tiling.

In creating a uniform visual effect, it is useful to consider a propertycalled pitch distance, which is the distance between any light emittingelement and its closest adjacent light emitting elements. It can be seenthat a highly uniform visual effect is produced by maintaining a highlyuniform pitch throughout a single display module and across a pluralityof adjacent display modules. Preferred embodiments of the presentdisclosure use light emitting elements located at or about the vertexesof a regular polygon tiling. A regular square tiling is one suchpreferred tiling, producing a uniform visual effect by providing uniformspacing between both rows and columns of light emitting elements. Thespacing between adjacent rows and between adjacent columns of a regularsquare tiling may be referred to as the pitch of that pattern. In such asquare tiling, it can be seen that any light emitting element will haveat least two closest adjacent neighboring elements that are spaced apartfrom each other by a distance close to or substantially equal to thepitch distance.

In addition to uniform pitch within a single display module, the spacingbetween display modules can be controlled so that uniform pitch of lightemitting elements is maintained across a plurality of assembled displaymodules. A preferred embodiment is to provide a display module with aperimeter region, of a predetermined width, that contains no lightemitting elements. The preferred width of the perimeter region is lessthan or about equal to one half of the pitch distance, when measuredinward and along the edges of the regular polygon tiling defining thelocation of the plurality of the light emitting elements. When twodisplay modules are assembled adjacent to one another, each module mayprovide a perimeter region width of about one half of the pitch, whichcumulatively creates a pattern of uniform pitch spanning both modules. Aplurality of display modules may thereby be assembled to create uniformpitch spanning the plurality of display modules.

A single display module may comprise a plurality of light emittingelements coupled to a flexible substrate, and arranged in apredetermined pattern corresponding to the vertexes of a regular polygontiling. The display module has a perimeter. A plurality of displaymodules may be assembled such that a portion of the perimeter of eachdisplay module abuts a portion of the the perimeter of at least oneother display module, each module positioned to maintain uniform pitchspacing across the plurality of display modules.

A display system according to the present disclosure may be constructedby assembling a plurality of display modules onto a support frame, thesupport frame having been previously constructed.

Turning now to FIG. 1A, shown is a regular four sided polygon, alsocalled a square 10, consistent with the square tiling 12 of the twodimensional plane shown in FIG. 1B. A coordinate system 8 is indicatedso as to make discussion of geometry features of the present disclosuremore clear. Coordinate system 8 applies to all figures FIG. 1A-FIG. 1H.Square tiling 12 is comprised of a plurality of square tiles, of whichfirst square 10 a and second square 10 b are typical, arranged so thatno gaps and no overlaps are produced. When arranged into thepredetermined pattern shown in FIG. 1B, the square tiling 12 can be seento create a plurality of vertex 12 v and a plurality of side 12 s, inwhich every vertex 12 v is separated a distance of about 12 s from eachof its closest neighboring vertexes.

FIG. 1C shows predetermined pattern corresponding to a tiling of theplane 14 according to a square tiling. Overlaid onto the predeterminedpattern corresponding to a tiling of the plane 14 are x-axis 8X andy-axis 8Y, showing that a coordinate system can be overlaid onto thepredetermined pattern to facilitate clear disclosure of the location andalignment of other features to be described. The enlarged section,denoted FIG. 1D, shows that the square tiliing of the plane gives riseto a highly uniform spacing of vertexes, which can be characterized aspitch distance 11. Pitch distance 11 corresponding to the predeterminedpattern 14 gives rise to uniform spacing between rows and columns whenthat predetermined pattern is based upon a square tiling. It can be seenthat row spacing and column spacing are both about equal to the pitchdistance 11.

Turning now to FIG. 1E, shown is a flexible display module 70 having aplurality of light emitting elements 72, of which first light emittingelement 71 a and second light emitting element 71 b are individualmembers of the plurality. Plurality of light emitting elements 72 isshown arranged according to a predetermined pattern so as to create ahighly uniform visual effect upon display plane 74. FIG. 1F shows howpredetermined pattern 14 according to a square tiling of the plane maybe used to position individual light emitting elements 71 a, 71 b, and71 c according to the location of the vertexes of said predeterminedpattern 14. Superimposed upon the plurality of light emitting elementsare x-axis 8X and y-axis 8Y. The flexible display module 70 of FIG. 1Fcomprises a plurality of light emitting elements, each of which may be asingle light emitting device or multiple light emitting devices. Apreferred light emitting element combines red, blue, and green lightemitting devices within one light emitting element so as to provide fullcolor spectrum display. Monochrome and other combinations of devices maybe used still within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Thedisplay modules of FIG. 1E and FIG. 1F each have a region adjacent totheir perimeter that is free from light emitting elements. This enablesclose spacing of adjacent modules as will be seen now.

FIG. 1G shows a first flexible display module 70 a adjacent to a secondflexible display module 70 b and disposed so that their display planes74 a and 74 b abut and their respective y-axes 8Ya and 8Yb aresubstantially aligned, thereby creating a highly uniform visual effectthat spans the combined display modules. A pitch distance can be definedbetween adjacent light emitting elements between adjacent displaymodules that is substantially equal to the pitch distance betweenadjacent light emitting elements within a single display module.

FIG. 1H shows a first flexible display module 70 a adjacent to a secondflexible display module 70 b and disposed so that their respectivedisplay planes 74 a and 74 b abut and their respective x-axes 8Xa and8Xb are substantially aligned, thereby creating a highly uniform visualeffect that spans the combined display modules. A pitch distance can bedefined between adjacent light emitting elements between adjacentdisplay modules that is substantially equal to the pitch distancebetween adjacent light emitting elements within a single display module.When abutted and aligned in the foregoing manner, two adjacent modulesmay be combined such that their combined plurality of light emittingelements are disposed upon a single predetermined pattern 14 defining aregular tiling of the plane.

FIG. 1G and FIG. 1H make it clear that a large display may beconstructed from display modules designed according to the teaching ofFIG. 1A-FIG. 1H. Such a large display will tile the two dimensionalplane without gaps and without overlaps and produce a highly uniformvisual effect. Any number of display modules may be combined in both xand y directions to make a large display that is substantially free fromvisual aberrations.

FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of a flexible display module 70 havinga plurality of light emitting elements 72 coupled to a flexiblesubstrate 76 and disposed in a predetermined pattern to create a displayplane 74. Also coupled to flexible substrate 76 are alignment feature100 and complementary alignment feature 110, which are both designed tooperatively engage features on adjacent display modules so as tocooperatively establish and maintain alignment and registration withadjacent display modules, thereby creating a highly uniform visualeffect. Alignment feature 100 is designed so that it may operativelyengage a complementary alignment feature on an adjacent display moduleand thereby constrain the relative position of the two adjacent displaymodules. Likewise, complementary alignment feature 110 is designed sothat it may operatively engage an alignment feature on an adjacentdisplay module and thereby constrain the relative position of the twoadjacent display modules. In preferred embodiments, a flexible displaymodule may have a plurality of alignment and complementary alignmentfeatures. An x-axis may be defined to lie in the display plane. Ay-axis, non-parallel to said x-axis, may also be defined to lie in thedisplay plane. Engagement of an alignment feature with a complementaryalignment feature on an adjacent module may create: substantialalignment of the x-axes of the display planes of the adjacent modules,substantial alignment of the y-axes of the display planes of theadjacent modules, substantial alignment of both x-axes and y-axes of thetwo modules, substantial co-planarity of the display planes of theadjacent modules, substantial alignment of either x-axes or y-axes alongwith the substantial co-planarity of the display planes of the adjacentmodules. Substantial alignment in the foregoing description meansalignment sufficient to avoid perceivable visual aberration betweenadjacent display modules. Substantial co-planarity in the foregoingdescription means alignment sufficient to avoid perceivable visualaberration between adjacent display modules.

Shown now in FIG. 2B is a cross sectional view as indicated from FIG.2A. The cross sectional view shows additional features of flexibledisplay module 70 not visible in FIG. 2A due to its orientation.Flexible display module 70 additionally comprises: a frame retentionmeans 120 coupled to flexible substrate 76 and adapted to engage with asupport frame member. The support frame member is not shown in thisfigure. Frame retention means 120 is shown in the figure in anon-retaining position 121. Frame retention means is operative to movebetween said non-retaining position 121 and a retaining position forsecuring the display module to a support frame member, furthercharacterized in that frame retention means 120 may be actuated by aperson from the display plane side of the display module, or by a personon the side of the flexible display module obverse to the display plane.In preferred embodiments the frame retention means may be actuated bymeans of a turning motion, and thereby progressively engage a clampingforce between the support frame and flexible display module 70. Theclamping force may be provided by a spring member that securely, but notrigidly, attaches the display module to the support frame member. Alsoshown in FIG. 2B are alignment feature 100 and complementary alignmentfeature 110 which are operative for engaging, respectively, acomplementary alignment feature and an alignment feature of adjacentdisplay modules. In preferred embodiments adjacent display modules maybe identical to flexible display module 70. It is noted that elementsappearing in the drawings may not be drawn to scale and that this isdone in the interest of clarity of the disclosure.

Shown in FIG. 2C is a cross sectional view as indicated from FIG. 2A. Inthis figure the complementary mechanical design of alignment feature 100and complementary alignment feature 110 can be seen. A plurality ofalignment and complementary alignment features are shown. Also shown isa circular cross section of frame retention means 120, which facilitatesactuation of frame retention means 120 by means of rotation. Multiplepairs of alignment-complementary alignment features are shown in FIG.2C. When a plurality of identical flexible display modules are tiledinto a display system: first alignment feature 100 a may operativelyengage a first complementary alignment features 110 a of an adjacentflexible display module; second alignment feature 100 b may operativelyengage a second complementary alignment features 110 b of an adjacentflexible display module; third alignment feature 100 c may operativelyengage a third complementary alignment features 110 c of an adjacentflexible display module; and, fourth alignment feature 100 d mayoperatively engage a fourth complementary alignment feature 110 d of anadjacent flexible display module. Operative engagement of alignmentfeatures with complementary alignment creates substantial alignment andsubstantial co-planarity among and between a plurality of adjacentflexible display modules. Substantial alignment in the foregoingdescription means alignment sufficient to avoid perceivable visualaberration between adjacent display modules. Substantial co-planarity inthe foregoing description means a degree of co-planarity that issufficient to avoid perceivable visual aberration between adjacentdisplay modules.

FIG. 2D shows a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 2C, but of anotherembodiment of a flexible display module 70 comprising a differentconfiguration of alignment and complementary alignment features. Theembodiment of FIG. 2D shows a rectangular flexible display module 70 inwhich the combination of alignment features and complementary alignmentfeatures is different for each side of the display module. According tothe embodiment of FIG. 2D, tiling a display system with adjacentflexible display modules requires that the adjacent modules must be fittogether in a specific way. Thus the system of flexible display modulesmay be fit together in a way that enforces a specific orientation ofeach flexible display module so that, with respect to adjacent displaymodules: first alignment feature 100 a may operatively engage a firstcomplementary alignment feature 110 a of an adjacent flexible displaymodule; second alignment feature 100 b may operatively engage a secondcomplementary alignment features 110 b of an adjacent flexible displaymodule; third alignment feature 100 c may operatively engage a thirdcomplementary alignment features 110 c of an adjacent flexible displaymodule; and, fourth alignment feature 100 d may operatively engage afourth complementary alignment feature 110 d of an adjacent flexibledisplay module.

FIG. 2E is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of flexibledisplay module 70, shown from a viewpoint similar to FIG. 2B. Flexibledisplay module 70 comprises a plurality of light emitting elements 72coupled to a flexible substrate 76 and disposed in a predeterminedpattern to create a display plane 74. Flexible display module 70additionally comprises: one or more magnetic couplers 90 coupled toflexible substrate 76 and adapted to engage with a ferromagnetic supportframe. The support frame is not shown in this figure. Frame retentionmeans 120 is shown in the figure in a non-retaining position 121. Frameretention means 120 is operative to move between said non-retainingposition 121 and a retaining position for securing the display module toa support frame, further characterized in that frame retention means 120may be actuated by a person from the display plane side of the displaymodule, or by a person on the side of the flexible display moduleobverse to the display plane. In preferred embodiments the frameretention means may be actuated by means of a turning motion, andthereby progressively engage a clamping force between the support frameand flexible display module 70. The clamping force may be provided by aspring member that securely, but not rigidly, couples the display moduleto the support frame. Also shown in FIG. 2E are alignment feature 100and complementary alignment feature 110 which are operative forengaging, respectively, a complementary alignment feature and analignment feature of adjacent display modules. In preferred embodimentsadjacent display modules may be identical to flexible display module 70.

It is clear that a variety of complementary physical shapes can be usedto achieve the alignment and complementary alignment functionalityrequired. FIG. 2F is a cross sectional view of another embodiment offlexible display module 70, shown from a viewpoint similar to FIG. 2C.The embodiment in the figure shows: a first alignment feature 100 aoperative to engage a first complementary alignment feature 110 a on anadjacent flexible display module of identical design; a second alignmentfeature 100 b operative to engage a second complementary alignmentfeature 110 b on an adjacent flexible display module of identicaldesign; a third alignment feature 100 c operative to engage a thirdcomplementary alignment feature 110 c on an adjacent flexible displaymodule of identical design; and, a fourth alignment feature 100 doperative to engage a fourth complementary alignment feature 110 d on anadjacent flexible display module of identical design.

Turning now to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C, shown are cross sectionalschematic views pointing out various beneficial aspects of flexibledisplay module 70, and in particular, how a first flexible displaymodule 70 a may be engaged with a planar support body 44 and how it mayengage with an adjacent second flexible display module 70 b, whereinboth actions may be completed by a person from the display side of thedisplay module or from the back, or obverse, side of the display module.FIG. 3A shows first flexible display module 70 a comprising: alignmentfeature 100 and complementary alignment feature 110, a plurality ofmagnetic couplers 90 coupled to the display module and disposed toengage at least a portion of the planar support body that isferromagnetic, and frame retention means in a non-retaining position121. Second flexible display module 70 b is shown in an installedposition with frame retention means in a retaining position 123, andhaving a display plane 74, and complementary alignment feature 110positioned to receive said alignment feature 100 of first flexibledisplay module 70 a. A display module may be characterized as beinginstalled onto the support frame when its magnetic couplers have engageda portion of planar support body 44 and its frame retention means isdisposed in a retaining position. A plurality of display modules thathave been installed onto a planar support body collectively create aviewing plane in which the plurality of display modules produce auniform tiling of a portion of the viewing plane having no noticeablegaps or overlaps between adjacent display modules. Second flexibledisplay module 70 b is shown in an installed position in FIG. 3A, FIG.3B and FIG. 3C.

Continuing with FIG. 3A, alignment feature 100 of first flexible displaymodule 70 a may be caused to partially engage with complementaryalignment feature 110 of second flexible display module 70 b whenflexible display module 70 a is disposed at a first angle with respectto adjacent display module that has already been installed onto theplanar support body 44. First flexible display module 70 a may then bemoved so it is disposed according to FIG. 3B, in which one or moremagnetic couplers 90 have engaged a portion of planar support body 44.While first flexible display module 70 a transitions to an installedposition, alignment feature 100 of first flexible display module 70 amay become operatively engaged with complementary alignment feature 110of second flexible display module 70 b. When an alignment feature and acomplementary alignment feature are operatively engaged, the positionand/or orientation of the display plane of first flexible display module70 a may be constrained to the position and/or alignment of the displayplane of second flexible display module 70 b. Operative engagement ofalignment and complementary alignment features may constrain adjacentdisplay planes of adjacent display modules in a variety of ways withrespect to both position and orientation. The x-axis, y-axis, z-axis,and the angle of the display plane with respect to each of x-axis ,y-axis, and z-axis, may individually or in combination be constrained byone or more pairs of alignment and complementary alignment features. Inpreferred embodiments, operative engagement of alignment feature of adisplay module with complementary alignment feature of adjacent displaymodule operates to create a pixel gap between adjacent light emittingelements between adjacent display modules that is substantially equal tothe pixel gap between light emitting elements within a single displaymodule. Substantially equal in the foregoing description means equalenough to avoid perceivable visual aberration between adjacent displaymodules.

FIG. 3C shows the apparatus of FIG. 3B in which frame retention means offirst flexible display module 70 a has been actuated into a frameretaining position 123. Preferred embodiments of frame retention meansprovide a durable and removeable clamping action to engage planarsupport body 44. It can be seen that the steps shown in FIG. 3a , FIG.3B, and FIG. 3C can performed in sequence to install a display module,and that the sequence can be performed in a reversed order to remove adisplay module. The frame retention means may be operated by a personfrom the display plane side of the display module or from the back sideof the flexible display module, thereby facilitating both installationand removal from either side of the flexible display module. Preferredembodiments of frame retention means provide a spring member creating acompliant clamping force, effective for retaining the display moduledespite environmental fluctuations of temperature and humidity. Whileframe retention means is in retaining position 123, alignment feature100 and complementary alignment feature are urged to stay operativelyengaged. The frame retention means on each display module may provide asecure but compliant attachment to the planar support body 44, therebyallowing the pairs of complementary alignment features to determine theorientation and position of the plurality of display planes with respectto each other while, at the same time, the plurality of display modulesare free enough with respect to support planar support body 44 toaccommodate such environmental factors as curvature of the supportframe, non-uniformity of the support frame, and mechanical anddimensional changes to the support frame caused by vibration, aging, andthermal effects.

The frame retention means on each display module may provide a securebut compliant attachment to the planar support body 44, thereby allowingthe pairs of complementary alignment features to determine theorientation and position of the plurality of display planes with respectto each other while, at the same time, the plurality of display modulesare free enough with respect to planar support body 44 to accommodatesuch environmental factors as curvature of the support frame,non-uniformity of the support frame, and mechanical and dimensionalchanges to the support frame caused by vibration, aging, and thermaleffects.

With continuing reference to FIG. 3A-3C, it is noted that someembodiments may use only magnetic couplers to attach flexible displaymodules to a planar support body, other embodiments may use onlymechanical frame retention means to attach flexible display modules to aplanar support body, and yet other embodiments may use both magneticcouplers and mechanical frame retention means to attach flexible displaymodules to a planar support body.

Turning to FIG. 4, shown is a schematic cross sectional view of anotherembodiment according to the present disclosure in which each of firstflexible display module 70 a, second flexible display module 70 b, thirdflexible display module 70 c, and fourth flexible display module 70 dhas a plurality of alignment and complementary alignment features. Inthe modules shown in FIG. 4, each flexible display module has first,second, third, and fourth alignment features as well as first, second,third, and fourth complementary alignment features. According to FIG. 4,when alignment features and a complementary alignment features areoperatively engaged between adjacent flexible display modules, theposition and/or orientation of the display plane of each flexibledisplay module may be constrained to the position and/or alignment ofthe display plane of one or more adjacent display modules. Differentalignment and complementary alignment features may be simultaneouslyoperatively engaged thereby urging the alignment of the display planesof every adjacent display module.

FIG. 5A shows a view of the back side of a flexible display module 70according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Visible are one or morealignment features 100, one or more complementary alignment features110, a plurality of magnetic couplers 90, and a plurality of frameretention means 120. Shown also are dotted lines indicating the locationand direction of cross sectional views FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C.

The cross sectional view according to FIG. 5C shows flexible displaymodule 70 comprising: a plurality of light emitting elements 72 coupledto a flexible substrate 76 and disposed in a predetermined pattern tocreate a display plane 74; a plurality of magnetic couplers 90 coupledto flexible substrate 76, an alignment feature 100 also coupled to theflexible substrate in a predetermined position. The plurality ofmagnetic couplers 90 may cooperate with with the plurality of frameretention means to establish a consistent offset distance between aplanar support body and display plane 74 when flexible display module 70is installed on a planar support body and frame retention means 120 isoperated into the retaining position. It is noted that frame retentionmeans may be operated from the display side of the display module orfrom the back side of the display module.

The cross sectional view according to FIG. 5B shows the plurality ofmagnetic couplers 90 enabling secure attachment to a planar supportbody. Flexible display module 70 may comprise a plurality of lightemitting elements 72 coupled to flexible substrate 76 and disposed in apredetermined pattern to create a display plane 74. Visible in FIG. 5Bis an alignment feature 100, similar to previously described alignmentfeatures. The plurality of magnetic couplers 90 may cooperate with theplurality of frame retention means to establish a consistent offsetdistance between a support frame and display plane 74 when flexibledisplay module 70 is installed on a support frame and frame retentionmeans 120 is operated into the retaining position. It is noted thatframe retention means may be operated from the display side of thedisplay module or from the back side of the display module.

Turning now to FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, and FIG. 6C, shown is an embodiment ofa flexible display module 70 suitable for use in places where protectionfrom the environment is desired. FIG. 6A shows the back side a flexibledisplay module while FIG. 6B and 6C are the cross sectional views asindicated in FIG. 6A. The flexible display module 70 is showncomprising: flexible substrate 76 surrounded by environmental barriercoating 82, flexible substrate 76 being electrically connected to aplurality of light emitting elements 72 disposed in a predeterminedpattern to create display plane 74; one or more alignment features 100formed at the periphery of the flexible display module; one or morecomplementary alignment features 110 formed at the periphery of theflexible display; one or more frame retention means 120 operative toreleaseably engage a support frame; and a plurality of magnetic couplers90 coupled in a predetermined position with respect to said displayplane 74 by means of coupler alignment frame 92. A portion of coupleralignment frame 92 in close proximity to one or more magnetic couplersmay be ferromagnetic and may thereby increase the area of magneticattraction available to attract the the display module to aferromagnetic support frame.

In certain preferred embodiments the environmental barrier coating 82may be a conformal coating operative to substantially seal out liquidand vapor infiltrations from said flexible substrate and any electricalor mechanical components coupled in close proximity to said flexiblesubstrate 76. In other preferred embodiments, environmental barriercoating 82 may be a composite of more than one coating layers. A thinlayer of one coating type may be employed in intimate contact with saidflexible substrate while a more pliable and thicker coating of the sameor a different material may applied over top of the first coating. Avariety of coating materials may be employed as part of a single layeror multilayered composite environmental barrier coating including, butnot limited to: acrylic, epoxy, urethane, and silicone materials. Inaddition, the coupler alignment frame is configured to allow the displaymodule to flex in both concave and convex configurations.

FIG. 7 is a view from the back side of planar support body 44 of aflexible display module 70 installed proximate to a support frameaperture 42. In the figure, a plurality of frame retention means 120 areshown in the retaining position 123. Also in the figure a plurality ofmagnetic frame couplers are visible in dotted outline coupling flexibledisplay module 70, also shown in dotted outline, to said planar supportbody 44. The components shown in dotted outline are shown that waybecause they are not directly visible from this viewpoint behind planarsupport body 44 when the display module is installed on planar supportbody 44.

FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B show perspective views of a system of displaymodules, installed on a planar support body 44, consistent with thedisplay modules described previously, however, the drawing is simplifiedfor clarity. First flexible display module 70 a of FIG. 8A is shown withdisplay plane 74 tilted at angle with respect to the collectivelyestablished viewing plane of the previously installed display modules,second flexible display module 70 b and third display module 70 c. Whenfirst flexible display module 70 a is moved to an installed position,alignment and complementary alignment features are moved to becomeoperatively engaged for establishing and maintaining alignment betweenthe display planes of adjacent modules. FIG. 4 and FIG. 8A and FIG. 8Bshow, in combination, that multiple pairs of complementary alignmentfeatures may be made to operatively engage as the display plane of adisplay module is moved from being at an angle with respect to theviewing plane to an angle that is coincident with the viewing plane. Thedisplay planes of first, second, and third flexible display modules, 70a, 70 b, and 70 c, respectively, are urged to remain aligned andsubstantially co-planar by means of the action of multiple alignmentfeatures. Substantially co-planar in the foregoing description means adegree of co-planarity that is sufficient to avoid perceivable visualaberration, when viewed at a typical viewing distance, between adjacentdisplay modules.

FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B show additional features of the present disclosurethat address the needs of mounting, assembling, and servicing of largevisual displays that are created by tiling one or more display modulesonto an underlying modular support frame structure. FIG. 8A shows aperspective view of the front of a planar support body 44 according toan embodiment of the present disclosure. Thin planar support body 44 isshown comprising a display mounting face 46 that is suitable formounting display modules of the present disclosure, and having one ormore support frame apertures 42 a and 42 b. Planar support body 44 isconfigured to support the weight of tiled display modules along thedirection defined by support direction 41 and is furthermore able tocurve in directions transverse to the support direction.

Turning now to FIG. 9A, shown is a perspective view of a modularflexible convex display system 2. The top down cross-sectional viewindicated as 9B is shown in FIG. 9B. Structural member 20, axialreference line 22, and radial reference lines 24 a and 24 b are shown indotted lines as part of the typical environment in which the system maybe installed and used, but they themselves don't form a tangible part ofthe embodiment. The modular flexible convex display system 2 is showncomprising a plurality of display modules arranged to abut a pluralityof adjacent display modules such that viewing plane 80 is created toencircle axial reference line 22, the viewing plane 80 being visible onthe outermost portion of the system shown.

The system of FIG. 9A is shown comprising a plurality of display modulesarranged to create a three dimensional cylindrical shaped viewing plane80. The plurality of display modules includes first display module 70 a,second display module 70 b, third display module 70 c, and, fourthdisplay module 70 d. The plurality of display modules may be constructedvia any of the previously disclosed methods of constructing flexibledisplay modules. The plurality of display modules are disposed withrespect to each other such that no visible gaps or overlaps are visible.Not shown in FIG. 9A is an underlying support system and/or structure towhich the plurality of display modules are attached and/or coupled.Exemplary support systems and structures are detailed in further figuresof the disclosure. It is noted that the outermost shape of the system isnot confined to being circular, many variations of convex enclosed shapeare possible within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

FIG. 9B shows the top down cross sectional view of the system of FIG.9A. The outermost portion shows that the viewing plane 80, provided bythe plurality of display modules of FIG. 9A, is visible on the outsideof the system. The cross section of FIG. 9B shows some of the supportstructure of the system. A plurality of modular support frames 40 areshown coupled together enclosing a central volume. Coupled to theplurality of modular support frames 40 are radially adjustable couplers43, which are coupled between one or more modular support frames andthin planar support body 44. It can be seen from geometricconsiderations that when a radially adjustable coupler 43 is adjustedradially outward along the direction of radial reference line 24 a, thatthe length of a perimeter encompassed by planar support body 44 isincreased. Likewise, it can be seen from geometric considerations thatwhen a radially adjustable coupler 43 is adjusted radially inward alongthe direction of radial reference line 24 b, that the length of aperimeter encompassed by planar support body 44 is decreased. In thefigure the perimeter encompassed by planar support body 44 coincideswith display mounting face 46. Display modules are tiled onto displaymounting face 46 and thereby create viewing plane 80. In preferredembodiments, radial adjustments to one or more radially adjustablecouplers 43, may be made until the perimeter length of mounting face 46is substantially an integer multiple of the length of one of the sidesof the display module. A viewing plane 80 with no visible gaps oroverlaps may thereby be created. A planar support body lap joint 45 maybe used where opposing edges of planar support body 44 meet.

FIG. 9B shows a plurality of rigid modular support frames 40, each beingcoupled to one or more adjacent modular support frames. In the figurefirst modular support structure 40 a is shown comprising a back panel 50a, a right side panel 52 a, and a left side panel 53 a. Shown in dottedoutline is the outline of a bottom panel, directly visible in in FIG. 11along with a top panel. In the figure, left side panel 53 a of firstmodular support frame 40 a is shown abutting and rigidly coupled toright side panel 52 b of second modular support frame 40 b, while rightside panel 52 a of first modular support frame 40 a is showing abuttingand rigidly coupled to left side panel 53 c of third modular supportframe 40 c. The plurality of modular support frames is substantiallysimilar or identical.

Turning now to FIG. 10, shown is a perspective view of the system ofFIG. 9A with the plurality of display modules removed and therebyshowing the display mounting face 46 of the planar support body 44 and aplurality of support frame apertures, 42 a, 42 b, 42 c, and 42 d. Planarsupport body lap joint 45 may run along the entire length of one side ofplanar support body 44.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 10 with the planarsupport body removed and thereby showing a plurality of modular supportframes 40 assembled into a composite support frame structure. Firstmodular support frame 40 a is shown abutting and rigidly coupled to bothsecond modular support frame 40 b and third modular support frame 40 c.First modular support frame 40 a is shown comprising thin elongate backpanel 50 a joined to top panel 54 a, bottom panel 55 a, right side panel52 a, and left side panel 53 a. Left side panel 53 a is shown to beoriented along a first radial reference line 24 a, while right sidepanel 52 a is shown to be oriented along a second radial reference line24 b. Left side panel and right side panel are not parallel to eachother. Support column 20 is shown in dotted line to indicate that it isnot part of the embodiment, but, is included in the figure to give someidea of the environment in which the embodiment shown may be used.

The disclosed support frames and display modules may be used in a numberof installation environments. One typical installation environment for alarge convex display system is around a rigid architectural structurelike a beam or column which may provide a mounting surface onto whichthe system of support frames may be mounted. Accordingly, in someembodiments of the present disclosure, a system of modular supportframes may be assembled thereby providing a substructure for attachingdisplay modules so as to provide a convex viewing plane that encloses acolumn or beam. According to other embodiments of the the disclosurefree standing display systems may be constructed. According to otherembodiments of the disclosure, suspended display systems may beconstructed. According to other embodiments of the disclosure, displaysystems may be constructed that partially enclose an axial referenceline.

In addition to installation environments that result in a substantiallyconvex viewing plane, other installation environments may requireadapting the curvature of the viewing plane to convex, concave, and/ormultiple curvature containing shapes that may each have their own appealand challenges. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosuredescribe a system of modular support frames that may be assembled toprovide a substructure for attaching display modules that presents anon-flat viewing plane having convex, concave, or multiple curvatures.One or more display modules may be individually installed, serviced, andremoved from the system of support frames without substantiallydisturbing adjacent display modules.

In order to deploy a large modular display system, a variety of supportequipment may be needed beyond the display modules and modular supportframes already described. In particular, a plurality of power suppliesand a plurality of display control units may be used to power displaymodules and to supply image data to the plurality of display modulescomprising the viewing plane. It may be convenient to co-locate with amodular support frame a power supply that can satisfy the powerrequirements of all of the display modules installed onto that modularsupport frame. Likewise, it may be convenient to co-locate with amodular support frame one or more display control units that can satisfythe data driving requirements of all of the display modules installedonto that modular support frame. This modular approach can be achievedby means of one or more equipment mounts, each rigidly coupled a modularsupport frame. Attaching equipment mount directly to a modular supportframe allows the weight of any mounted equipment to be transmitted intothe support structure thereby preventing the attached weight fromsubstantially affecting the ability of a planar support body to curvesmoothly in directions transverse to the support direction. More thanone mount may be used to mount the desired amount of equipment.

By means of the previously described systems and methods, a fullymodular system can be deployed in which flexible display modules may betiled onto a support frame system, according to previously describedmethods, making use of one or more modular support frames, one or moreplanar support bodies each having one or more support frame apertures.Operatively engaged alignment and complementary alignment features ofadjacent display modules ensure that the plurality of tiled displaymodules collectively provide a viewing plane without visual aberrations.Flexible environmental barrier coatings may be employed to provideresistance to liquid and vapor infiltration while permitting the displaymodules to be installed in a variety of environments including convexcurved installations.

Although the present invention has been described in considerable detailwith reference to certain preferred versions thereof, other versions arepossible. It may be desirable to combine features shown in variousembodiments into a single embodiment. A different number andconfiguration of features may be used to construct embodiments of theapparatus and systems that are entirely within the spirit and scope ofthe present disclosure. Therefor, the spirit and scope of the appendedclaims should not be limited to the description of the preferredversions contained herein.

Any element in a claim that does not explicitly state “means for”performing a specified function, or “step for” performing a specificfunction, is not to be interpreted as a “means” or “step” clause asspecified in 35 U.S.C. Section 112, Paragraph 6. In particular, the useof “step of” in the claims herein is not intended to invoke theprovisions of 35 U.S.C. Section 112, Paragraph 6.

We claim:
 1. A modular flexible display system comprising: a) aplurality of flexible display modules coupled to a display mounting faceof a planar support body, the plurality of said flexible display modulescollectively forming a viewing plane, each display module comprising: i)a plurality of light emitting elements coupled to a flexible substrate,the plurality of light emitting elements disposed in a predeterminedpattern creating a display plane; ii) said predetermined patterndefining a pitch distance between adjacent light emitting elements, thepitch distance configured to be uniform across said display plane; b)said planar support body configured so that at least a portion of thedisplay mounting face is configured into a curved shape; c) a pluralityof adjustable couplers coupled between said planar support body and asupport frame, each adjustable coupler operative to adjust a spacingbetween said planar support body and said support frame, at least oneadjustable coupler operable to change a radius of curvature of saidcurved shape; d) the plurality of display modules further configured inthat said viewing plane is convex viewing plane encircling a centralvolume, the convex viewing plane visible from the outside of saidcentral volume; e) the plurality of adjustable couplers furtherconfigured so that the viewing plane has no visible gaps or overlapsbetween adjacent display modules.
 2. The system of claim 1 furthercharacterized in that: a) the planar support body is curved so that twoopposite sides of the planar support body overlap at an adjustable lapjoint, the planar support body completely encircling said centralvolume; b) adjustment of one or more of said adjustable couplers isoperative to change the amount of overlap present at said lap joint. 3.The system of claim 1 further characterized in that: a) the planarsupport body comprises a plurality of apertures; b) each display moduleadditionally comprises a frame retention means, the frame retentionmeans having: i) a retaining position characterized in that the displaymodule is releasably coupled to said planar support body about one ofsaid plurality of apertures and the display plane of the display moduleconforms to the curvature of the planar support body; and, ii) anon-retaining position characterized in that the display module isremoveable from said planar support body.
 4. The system of claim 1further characterized in that: a) the planar support body comprises aplurality of ferromagnetic portions; b) each display module additionallycomprises a magnetic frame retention means, the frame retention meanshaving: i) a retaining position characterized in that the display moduleis releasably coupled to said planar support body about one of saidferromagnetic portions and the display plane of the display moduleconforms to the curvature of the planar support body; and, ii) anon-retaining position characterized in that the display module isremoveable from said planar support body.
 5. A modular flexible displaysystem comprising: a) a plurality of flexible display modules coupled toa display mounting face of a planar support body, the plurality of saidflexible display modules collectively forming a viewing plane, eachdisplay module comprising: i) a plurality of light emitting elementscoupled to a flexible substrate, the plurality of light emittingelements disposed in a predetermined pattern creating a display plane;ii) said predetermined pattern defining a pitch distance betweenadjacent light emitting elements, the pitch distance configured to beuniform across said display plane; b) said planar support bodyconfigured so that at least a portion of the display mounting face isconfigured into a curved shape; c) a plurality of adjustable couplerscoupled between said planar support body and a support frame, eachadjustable coupler operative to adjust a spacing between said planarsupport body and said support frame, at least one adjustable coupleroperable to change a radius of curvature of said curved shape; d) theplurality of display modules further configured in that said viewingplane is concave viewing plane encircling a central volume, the concaveviewing plane visible from the inside of said central volume; e) theplurality of adjustable couplers further configured so that the viewingplane has no visible gaps or overlaps between adjacent display modules.6. The system of claim 5 further characterized in that: a) the planarsupport body is curved so that two opposite sides of the planar supportbody overlap at an adjustable lap joint, the planar support bodycompletely encircling said central volume; b) adjustment of one or moreof said adjustable couplers is operative to change the amount of overlappresent at said lap joint.
 7. The system of claim 5 furthercharacterized in that: a) the planar support body comprises a pluralityof apertures; b) each display module additionally comprises a frameretention means, the frame retention means having: i) a retainingposition characterized in that the display module is releasably coupledto said planar support body about one of said plurality of apertures andthe display plane of the display module conforms to the curvature of theplanar support body; and, ii) a non-retaining position characterized inthat the display module is removeable from said planar support body. 8.The system of claim 5 further characterized in that: a) the planarsupport body comprises a plurality of ferromagnetic portions; b) eachdisplay module additionally comprises a magnetic frame retention means,the frame retention means having: i) a retaining position characterizedin that the display module is releasably coupled to said planar supportbody about one of said ferromagnetic portions and the display plane ofthe display module conforms to the curvature of the planar support body;and, ii) a non-retaining position characterized in that the displaymodule is removeable from said planar support body.
 9. A modularflexible display system comprising: a) a plurality of coupled supportframes encircling a central volume, each support frame coupled to atleast one adjacent support frame, each support frame comprising: i) atop panel abutting and coupled to both a left side panel and a rightside panel; ii) a bottom panel abutting and coupled to both said leftside panel and said right side panel; iii) a back panel abutting andcoupled to each of: said top panel; said bottom panel, said left sidepanel; said right side panel; iv) said left side panel aligned with afirst radial line extending outward from a point inside of said centralvolume; v) said right side panel aligned with a second radial lineextending outward from a point inside of said central volume; b) aplurality of flexible display modules mounted on a display mounting faceof a planar support body, the plurality of said flexible display modulescollectively forming a viewing plane, each display module comprising: i)a plurality of light emitting elements coupled to a flexible substrate,the plurality of light emitting elements disposed in a predeterminedpattern creating a display plane; ii) said predetermined patterndefining a pitch distance between adjacent light emitting elements, thepitch distance configured to be uniform across said display plane; c)said planar support body configured so that at least a portion of thedisplay mounting face is configured into a curved shape; d) a pluralityof adjustable couplers coupled between said planar support body and saidplurality of coupled support frames, each adjustable coupler operativeto adjust a spacing between said planar support body and said supportframe, at least one adjustable coupler operable to change a radius ofcurvature of said curved shape; e) the plurality of display modulesfurther configured in that said viewing plane is a convex viewing planeencircling a central volume, the convex viewing plane visible from theoutside of said central volume; f) the plurality of adjustable couplersfurther configured so that the viewing plane has no visible gaps oroverlaps between adjacent display modules.
 10. The system of claim 9further characterized in that: a) the planar support body is curved sothat two opposite sides of the planar support body overlap at anadjustable lap joint, the planar support body completely encircling saidcentral volume; b) adjustment of one or more of said adjustable couplersis operative to change the amount of overlap present at said lap joint.11. The system of claim 9 further characterized in that: a) the planarsupport body comprises a plurality of apertures; b) each display moduleadditionally comprises a frame retention means, the frame retentionmeans having: i) a retaining position characterized in that the displaymodule is releasably coupled to said planar support body about one ofsaid plurality of apertures and the display plane of the display moduleconforms to the curvature of the planar support body; and, ii) anon-retaining position characterized in that the display module isremoveable from said planar support body.
 12. The system of claim 9further characterized in that: a) the planar support body comprises aplurality of ferromagnetic portions; b) each display module additionallycomprises a magnetic frame retention means, the frame retention meanshaving: i) a retaining position characterized in that the display moduleis releasably coupled to said planar support body about one of saidferromagnetic portions and the display plane of the display moduleconforms to the curvature of the planar support body; and, ii) anon-retaining position characterized in that the display module isremoveable from said planar support body.
 13. The system of claim 9further characterized in that the adjustable coupler is operable toprovide adjustability in a direction parallel to at least one of: saidleft side panel; said right side panel; said top panel; said bottompanel.
 14. A modular flexible display system comprising: a) a pluralityof coupled support frames encircling a central volume, each supportframe coupled to at least one adjacent support frame, each support framecomprising: i) a top panel abutting and coupled to both a left sidepanel and a right side panel; ii) a bottom panel abutting and coupled toboth said left side panel and said right side panel; iii) a back panelabutting and coupled to each of: said top panel; said bottom panel, saidleft side panel; said right side panel; iv) said left side panel alignedwith a first radial line extending outward from a point inside of saidcentral volume; v) said right side panel aligned with a second radialline extending outward from a point inside of said central volume; b) aplurality of flexible display modules mounted on a display mounting faceof a planar support body, the plurality of said flexible display modulescollectively forming a viewing plane, each display module comprising: i)a plurality of light emitting elements coupled to a flexible substrate,the plurality of light emitting elements disposed in a predeterminedpattern creating a display plane; ii) said predetermined patterndefining a pitch distance between adjacent light emitting elements, thepitch distance configured to be uniform across said display plane; c)said planar support body configured so that at least a portion of thedisplay mounting face is configured into a curved shape; d) a pluralityof adjustable couplers coupled between said planar support body and saidplurality of coupled support frames, each adjustable coupler operativeto adjust a spacing between said planar support body and said supportframe, at least one adjustable coupler operable to change a radius ofcurvature of said curved shape; e) the plurality of display modulesfurther configured in that said viewing plane is a concave viewing planeencircling a central volume, the concave viewing plane visible from theinside of said central volume; f) the plurality of adjustable couplersfurther configured so that the viewing plane has no visible gaps oroverlaps between adjacent display modules.
 15. The system of claim 14further characterized in that: a) the planar support body is curved sothat two opposite sides of the planar support body overlap at anadjustable lap joint, the planar support body completely encircling saidcentral volume; b) adjustment of one or more of said adjustable couplersis operative to change the amount of overlap present at said lap joint.16. The system of claim 14 further characterized in that: a) the planarsupport body comprises a plurality of apertures; b) each display moduleadditionally comprises a frame retention means, the frame retentionmeans having: i) a retaining position characterized in that the displaymodule is releasably coupled to said planar support body about one ofsaid plurality of apertures and the display plane of the display moduleconforms to the curvature of the planar support body; and, ii) anon-retaining position characterized in that the display module isremoveable from said planar support body.
 17. The system of claim 14further characterized in that: a) the planar support body comprises aplurality of ferromagnetic portions; b) each display module additionallycomprises a magnetic frame retention means, the i) a retaining positioncharacterized in that the display module is releasably coupled to saidplanar support body about one of said ferromagnetic portions and thedisplay plane of the display module conforms to the curvature of theplanar support body; and, ii) a non-retaining position characterized inthat the display module is removeable from said planar support body. 18.The system of claim 14 further characterized in that the adjustablecoupler is operable to provide adjustability in a direction parallel toat least one of: said left side panel; said right side panel; said toppanel; said bottom panel.